What is contraindicated in administering oral medications?

Administering oral medications is contraindicated for patients who are unconscious, vomiting, or have difficulty swallowing because these conditions pose significant risks for aspiration and inadequate drug absorption. If a patient is unconscious, they may not be able to protect their airway, making oral administration dangerous since they could inhale the medication into their lungs instead of swallowing it. Vomiting can lead to the medication being expelled before it is absorbed, potentially leading to underdosing or ineffective treatment. Furthermore, individuals with difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) may choke or gag on oral tablets or liquids, again posing a risk for aspiration and other complications. Therefore, it's essential to assess these conditions before administering oral medications to ensure patient safety.